Noting the high incidence of childhood pneumonia in many parts of the world, the inclusion of oxygen saturation (SpO2) and respiratory rate measurement in pneumonia screening guidelines, and the scarcity of medical equipment and variability in medical training in many low-resource settings, Dr. Alwadhi and colleagues sought to determine whether a “multi-modal” pulse oximeter, Masimo Rad-G, could also accurately measure respiration rate—supporting future applications for a more streamlined and reliable approach to pneumonia screening case management. Rad-G uses a single Masimo SET® pulse oximetry sensor to measure both SpO2 and RRp, as well as pulse rate (PR), perfusion index (Pi), and pleth variability index (PVi®).
In this particular study, the researchers used Rad-G, alongside traditional pediatrician assessment, to measure the respiration rate of 97 children (aged 2 to 59 months) admitted to the outpatient and emergency departments at Kalawati Saran Hospital in New Delhi, over 2 weeks. They then analyzed the level of agreement between plethysmography-based respiration rate (RRp) and the clinicians’ assessment of respiration rate.
The researchers found that RRp and the control respiration rate measurement method showed “significant strong association (97%)” (p < 0.001), and that “values obtained either from pulse oximeter or by pediatrician (gold standard) are very close to each other.” For assessing fast breathing (defined as ≥ 50 breaths per minute (bpm) for infants 2 to 12 months and ≥ 40 bpm for children older than 12 months), RRp had high sensitivity (95%) and specificity (94%), with 95% accuracy. Based on these findings, the authors explained, “The sensitivity analysis, in addition, points to the reliability of the device in correctly identifying fast breathing, a major symptom of the disease [pneumonia], in 95% of the cases.” They also noted that Rad-G “allows for significantly integrated results of RR and SpO2 with high sensitivity and accuracy in health care settings, as well as the possibility of rapid detection.”
The researchers concluded, “There is a high degree of agreement between pleth-based RR using a [pulse oximetry device] and physician measured RR, indicating that the former provides reliable and accurate measurement. Current diagnosis and management of pneumonia in primary health care is based on variably trained health providers despite IMCI [Integrated Management for Childhood Illness] guidelines. The use of pulse oximeters, also recommended by the WHO, which can provide reliable measurement, would streamline pneumonia case management in these settings. The current study provides evidence of the reliability of pulse oximeter[s].”
Masimo RRp is CE marked and U.S. FDA 510(k) cleared. Rad-G is currently CE marked and the U.S. FDA 510(k) clearance is pending.
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About Masimo
Masimo (NASDAQ: MASI) is a global medical technology company that develops and produces a wide array of industry-leading monitoring technologies, including innovative measurements, sensors, patient monitors, and automation and connectivity solutions. Our mission is to improve patient outcomes and reduce the cost of care. Masimo SET® Measure-through Motion and Low Perfusion™ pulse oximetry, introduced in 1995, has been shown in over 100 independent and objective studies to outperform other pulse oximetry technologies.2 Masimo SET® has also been shown to help clinicians reduce severe retinopathy of prematurity in neonates,3 improve CCHD screening in newborns,4 and, when used for continuous monitoring with Masimo Patient SafetyNet™ in post-surgical wards, reduce rapid response team activations, ICU transfers, and costs.5-7 Masimo SET® is estimated to be used on more than 200 million patients in leading hospitals and other healthcare settings around the world,8 and is the primary pulse oximetry at 9 of the top 10 hospitals according to the 2019-20 U.S. News and World Report Best Hospitals Honor Roll.9 Masimo continues to refine SET® and in 2018, announced that SpO2 accuracy on RD SET® sensors during conditions of motion has been significantly improved, providing clinicians with even greater confidence that the SpO2 values they rely on accurately reflect a patient’s physiological status. In 2005, Masimo introduced rainbow® Pulse CO-Oximetry technology, allowing noninvasive and continuous monitoring of blood constituents that previously could only be measured invasively, including total hemoglobin (SpHb®), oxygen content (SpOC™), carboxyhemoglobin (SpCO®), methemoglobin (SpMet®), Pleth Variability Index (PVi®), RPVi™ (rainbow® PVi), and Oxygen Reserve Index (ORi™). In 2013, Masimo introduced the Root® Patient Monitoring and Connectivity Platform, built from the ground up to be as flexible and expandable as possible to facilitate the addition of other Masimo and third-party monitoring technologies; key Masimo additions include Next Generation SedLine® Brain Function Monitoring, O3® Regional Oximetry, and ISA™ Capnography with NomoLine® sampling lines. Masimo’s family of continuous and spot-check monitoring Pulse CO-Oximeters® includes devices designed for use in a variety of clinical and non-clinical scenarios, including tetherless, wearable technology, such as Radius-7® and Radius PPG™, portable devices like Rad-67™, fingertip pulse oximeters like MightySat® Rx, and devices available for use both in the hospital and at home, such as Rad-97®. Masimo hospital automation and connectivity solutions are centered around the Iris® platform, and include Iris Gateway®, Patient SafetyNet, Replica™, Halo ION™, UniView™, and Masimo SafetyNet™. Additional information about Masimo and its products may be found at www.masimo.com. Published clinical studies on Masimo products can be found at www.masimo.com/evidence/featured-studies/feature/.
ORi and RPVi have not received FDA 510(k) clearance and are not available for sale in the United States. The use of the trademark Patient SafetyNet is under license from University HealthSystem Consortium.
* The use of the trademark Bridge is under license from Innovative Health Solutions
References
- Alwadhi V, Sarin E, Kumar P, Saboth P, Khera A, Gupta S, Kumar H. Measuring accuracy of plethysmography based respiratory rate measurement using pulse oximeter at a tertiary hospital in India. Pneumonia. 2020. 12:4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41479-020-00067-2.
- Published clinical studies on pulse oximetry and the benefits of Masimo SET® can be found on our website at http://www.masimo.com. Comparative studies include independent and objective studies which are comprised of abstracts presented at scientific meetings and peer-reviewed journal articles.
- Castillo A et al. Prevention of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Preterm Infants through Changes in Clinical Practice and SpO2 Technology. Acta Paediatr. 2011 Feb;100(2):188-92.
- de-Wahl Granelli A et al. Impact of pulse oximetry screening on the detection of duct dependent congenital heart disease: a Swedish prospective screening study in 39,821 newborns. BMJ. 2009;Jan 8;338.
- Taenzer AH et al. Impact of pulse oximetry surveillance on rescue events and intensive care unit transfers: a before-and-after concurrence study. Anesthesiology. 2010:112(2):282-287.
- Taenzer A et al. Postoperative Monitoring – The Dartmouth Experience. Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation Newsletter. Spring-Summer 2012.
- McGrath SP et al. Surveillance Monitoring Management for General Care Units: Strategy, Design, and Implementation. The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety. 2016 Jul;42(7):293-302.
- Estimate: Masimo data on file.
- http://health.usnews.com/health-care/best-hospitals/articles/best-hospitals-honor-roll-and-overview.
Forward-Looking Statements
This press release includes forward-looking statements as defined in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, in connection with the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements include, among others, statements regarding the potential effectiveness of Masimo RRp® and Rad-G™. These forward-looking statements are based on current expectations about future events affecting us and are subject to risks and uncertainties, all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control and could cause our actual results to differ materially and adversely from those expressed in our forward-looking statements as a result of various risk factors, including, but not limited to: risks related to our assumptions regarding the repeatability of clinical results; risks related to our belief that Masimo's unique noninvasive measurement technologies, including Masimo RRp and Rad-G, contribute to positive clinical outcomes and patient safety; risks related to our belief that Masimo noninvasive medical breakthroughs provide cost-effective solutions and unique advantages; risks related to COVID-19; as well as other factors discussed in the "Risk Factors" section of our most recent reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), which may be obtained for free at the SEC's website at www.sec.gov. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements are reasonable, we do not know whether our expectations will prove correct. All forward-looking statements included in this press release are expressly qualified in their entirety by the foregoing cautionary statements. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of today's date. We do not undertake any obligation to update, amend or clarify these statements or the "Risk Factors" contained in our most recent reports filed with the SEC, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under the applicable securities laws.
